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  2. Forests of Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forests_of_Germany

    The forests of Germany covers 11.4 million hectares (28.2 Acres), 32 percent of the total area of the country (as of 2012). In the German forests grow about 90 billion trees with a total wood stock of 3.7 billion cubic meters. [1] The definition of the Federal Forest Act (BWaldG) for forest is: "any area planted with forest plants.

  3. Soil formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_formation

    Plants hold soil against erosion, and accumulated plant material build soil humus levels. Plant root exudation supports microbial activity. Animals serve to decompose plant materials and mix soil through bioturbation. [70] Soil is the most speciose (species-rich) ecosystem on Earth, but the vast majority of organisms in soil are microbes, a ...

  4. History of soil science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Soil_Science

    The latter becomes soil under the influence of a series of soil-forming factors—climate, vegetation, country, relief and age. According to him, soil should be called the "daily" or outward horizons of rocks regardless of the type; they are changed naturally by the common effect of water, air and various kinds of living and dead organisms. [2]

  5. Femeiche - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femeiche

    The trampled soil around the oak was excavated to a depth of 40cm and replaced with new soil, humus, and tree feed, a special fertilizer with a long-term effect. A layer of gravel was placed on top to aid with soil aeration and irrigation. To alleviate soil compaction, drilling was done down to the alluvial gravel four meters deep.

  6. Soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil

    Collectively the Earth's body of soil is called the pedosphere. The pedosphere interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere. [10] Soil has four important functions: as a medium for plant growth; as a means of water storage, supply, and purification; as a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; as a habitat for ...

  7. Soil conservation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_conservation

    The rows formed slow surface water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to infiltrate into the soil. Soil conservation is the prevention of loss of the topmost layer of the soil from erosion or prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination

  8. Germany in the Fall: 10 Best Places to See the Leaves ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/germany-fall-10-best...

    Germany is a popular country to visit in the autumn for its enchanting ... oak and maple trees change to a myriad of autumnal shades. ... A total of 7,100 animal and plant species have been ...

  9. Soil biodiversity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_biodiversity

    Soil is in close cooperation with the broader biosphere. The maintenance of fertile soil is "one of the most vital ecological services the living world performs", and the "mineral and organic contents of soil must be replenished constantly as plants consume soil elements and pass them up the food chain". [3]