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Trixylyl phosphate (TXP) is an aromatic phosphate ester. It was historically used as a flame retardant for acetate plastics (cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate) and PVC. It also saw significant use as a fire-resistant hydraulic fluid. Trixylyl phosphate is now banned or restricted in several jurisdictions, due to its poor safety profile.
These are primarily the esters of phosphoric acid and can be mono‑esters, di‑esters or tri‑esters depending on the number of attached organic groups (abbreviated as 'R' in the image below). In general man‑made organophosphates are most often triesters, while biological organophosphates are usually mono- or di-esters.
Estramustine phosphate d: C3, C17β: Normustine, phosphoric acid: Water-soluble conjugate – 1.91: 0.52: 2.9–5.0 Polyestradiol phosphate e: C3–C17β: Phosphoric acid: Water-soluble conjugate – 1.23 f: 0.81 f: 2.9 g: Footnotes: a = Length of ester in carbon atoms for straight-chain fatty acids or approximate length of ester in carbon ...
Tributyl phosphate, known commonly as TBP, is an organophosphorus compound with the chemical formula (CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 PO. This colourless, odorless liquid finds some applications as an extractant and a plasticizer. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with n-butanol.
A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO 4 structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structures. In biology, the polyphosphate esters ADP and ATP are involved in energy storage.
Tricresyl phosphate (TCP), is a mixture of three isomeric organophosphate compounds most notably used as a flame retardant. [1] Other uses include as a plasticizer in manufacturing for lacquers and varnishes and vinyl plastics and as an antiwear additive in lubricants. Pure tricresyl phosphate is a colourless, viscous liquid, although ...
Phosphoryl chloride is used on an industrial scale for the manufacture of phosphate esters (organophosphates). These have a wide range of uses, including as flame retardants (bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate, TCPP and tricresyl phosphate), plasticisers for PVC and related polymers (2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate) and hydraulic fluids. [11]
Monothiophosphate is used in research as an analogue of phosphate in biochemistry. Monothiophosphate esters are biochemical reagents used in the study of transcription, [4] substitution interference assays. Sometimes, "monothiophosphate" refers to esters such as (CH 3 O) 2 POS −. [5]