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  2. Probation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probation

    The concept of probation, from the Latin, probatio, "testing", has historical roots in the practice of judicial reprieve.In English common law, prior to the advent of democratic rule, the courts could temporarily suspend the execution of a sentence to allow a criminal defendant to appeal to the monarch for a pardon.

  3. Suspended sentence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspended_sentence

    A suspended sentence is a sentence on conviction for a criminal offence, the serving of which the court orders to be deferred in order to allow the defendant to perform a period of probation. If the defendant does not break the law during that period and fulfills the particular conditions of the probation, the sentence is usually considered ...

  4. United States federal probation and supervised release

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal...

    The life cycle of federal supervision for a defendant. United States federal probation and supervised release are imposed at sentencing. The difference between probation and supervised release is that the former is imposed as a substitute for imprisonment, [1] or in addition to home detention, [2] while the latter is imposed in addition to imprisonment.

  5. What does it mean to commute an execution? Here's what to ...

    www.aol.com/news/does-mean-commute-execution...

    As of January 2024, there were nearly 2,200 prisoners facing the death penalty in state cases, according to the center, which states the death row population has been declining over the last 20 years.

  6. Oxford English Dictionary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary

    The Pocket Oxford Dictionary of Current English was originally conceived by F. G. Fowler and H. W. Fowler to be compressed, compact, and concise. Its primary source is the Oxford English Dictionary, and it is nominally an abridgement of the Concise Oxford Dictionary. It was first published in 1924. [86]

  7. Capital punishment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment

    Death penalty opponents regard the death penalty as inhumane [207] and criticize it for its irreversibility. [208] They argue also that capital punishment lacks deterrent effect, [ 209 ] [ 210 ] [ 211 ] or has a brutalization effect, [ 212 ] [ 213 ] discriminates against minorities and the poor, and that it encourages a "culture of violence ...

  8. Capital punishment by the United States federal government

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_by_the...

    If the state has no death penalty, the judge must select a state with the death penalty for carrying out the execution. [39] The federal government has a facility and regulations only for executions by lethal injection, but the United States Code allows U.S. Marshals to use state facilities and employees for federal executions. [40] [41]

  9. Life imprisonment in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_imprisonment_in_the...

    Georgia, [15] the constitutionality of life imprisonment without parole as an alternative to the death penalty received increased attention from lawmakers and judges. Such penalties predate Schick. [16] One early American case was Ex parte Wells (1856); [17] Wells was convicted of murder in 1851 and sentenced to be hanged.