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A haubergeon reaches the knee. The haubergeon was replaced by the hauberk due to the use of plate; with the legs now encased in steel, the longer mail became redundant. Cuirass: 14th to 17th: Covers the chest, not the back, but the name is sometimes used to describe the chest and back plates together.
The plates in the lorica segmentata armor were made by overlapping ferrous plates that were then riveted to straps made from leather. [1] [4] [5] It is unknown what animal was used to make the leather and if it was tanned or tawed. [1] The plates were made of soft iron on the inside and rolled mild steel on the outside. [1]
Plates protecting the torso reappeared in the 1220s as plates directly attached to a knightly garment known as the surcoat. [2] [1] Around 1250 this developed into the coat of plates which continued to be in use for about a century. [3] [1] True breastplates reappear in Europe in 1340 first composed of wrought iron and later of steel.
Yukinoshita or Sendai dou (dō) – A five plate, four hinge (go-mai) chest armor in the sendai or yukinoshita style. Hatomune dou (dō) gusoku – (pigeon-breast chest armour or cuirass) were inspired by European peascod breastplate armour. Hatomune dou (dō) have a sharp central ridge running vertically down the front.
Following the adoption of the Wehrmacht on the supply of 9mm cartridges, the cartridge code R.08 mE (German: mit Eisenkern), with a bullet with mild steel (iron) core, required the thickness to be increased to 2.6 mm (0.10 in) for the chest plate (2.5 to 2.7 mm (0.098 to 0.106 in)). This redesign received the name SN-46.
Hotoke dou (dō) gusoku - chest armour which is smooth and shows no signs of lames. Nio dou (dō) - embossed to resemble the emaciated torso of a starving monk or old man. Katahada-nugi dou (dō) - embossed to resemble a half-naked torso. Yukinoshita or Sendai dou (dō) - five plate, four hinge (go-mai) chest armour in the sendai or yukinoshita ...
Partial plate armour in the form of a cuirass sewn together with fabric is mentioned in the Wubei Yaolue, 1638. Called quantiejia (complete metal armour), the text describes the usage of 100 catties of Fujian iron, 4–5 piculs of northern coal, and over 10 piculs of southern coal in the creation process of the plates. After finishing the ...
The armour was made from small plates of iron or bronze. Due to the semi-rigid nature of the armour, the Scythian variety was made as breast- and back-plates, with separate shoulder pieces. Some finds indicate partial armour, where a leather shirt or similar garment has sewn-on scales in places, particularly around the neck and upper chest.