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  2. Standard error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_error

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Help; Learn to edit; Community portal; Recent changes; Upload file

  3. Hat notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_notation

    In mathematics, a unit vector in a normed vector space is a vector (often a spatial vector) of length 1. A unit vector is often denoted by a lowercase letter with a circumflex, or "hat", as in ^ (pronounced "v-hat"). [2] [1] This is especially common in physics context.

  4. t-statistic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-statistic

    Most frequently, t statistics are used in Student's t-tests, a form of statistical hypothesis testing, and in the computation of certain confidence intervals. The key property of the t statistic is that it is a pivotal quantity – while defined in terms of the sample mean, its sampling distribution does not depend on the population parameters, and thus it can be used regardless of what these ...

  5. Error analysis (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_analysis_(mathematics)

    The analysis of errors computed using the global positioning system is important for understanding how GPS works, and for knowing what magnitude errors should be expected.

  6. Help:Displaying a formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula

    Later on, the text can refer to this equation by its number using syntax like this: As seen in equation ({{EquationNote|1}}), example text... The result looks like this: As seen in equation , example text... The equation number produced by {{EquationNote}} is a link that the user can click to go immediately to the cited equation.

  7. Propagation of uncertainty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagation_of_uncertainty

    Any non-linear differentiable function, (,), of two variables, and , can be expanded as + +. If we take the variance on both sides and use the formula [11] for the variance of a linear combination of variables ⁡ (+) = ⁡ + ⁡ + ⁡ (,), then we obtain | | + | | +, where is the standard deviation of the function , is the standard deviation of , is the standard deviation of and = is the ...

  8. Symmetric mean absolute percentage error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_mean_absolute...

    The earliest reference to a similar formula appears to be Armstrong (1985, p. 348), where it is called "adjusted MAPE" and is defined without the absolute values in the denominator. It was later discussed, modified, and re-proposed by Flores (1986).

  9. Delta method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_method

    Note that since p>0, (>) as , so with probability converging to one, ⁡ is finite for large n. Moreover, if p ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {p}}} and q ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {q}}} are estimates of different group rates from independent samples of sizes n and m respectively, then the logarithm of the estimated relative risk p ^ q ^ {\displaystyle ...