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The standard American locomotive in use was the 2-8-0 Consolidation type. More than 1600 of the Consolidation locomotives were assembled in France by U.S. mechanics; most were allocated to the AEF. [2]: 107 Almost twenty thousand American-made railway cars were received in France during the war and after the armistice.
The Services of Supply (SOS) of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) was established under the designation "Line of Communications," on July 5, 1917. [ 1 ] : 11–13 The Line of Communications was judged by senior officers, including Colonel Johnson Hagood , who was in charge of the advance section, to be incompetent. [ 2 ]
The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) [a] was a formation of the United States Armed Forces on the Western Front during World War I, composed mostly of units from the U.S. Army. The AEF was established on July 5, 1917, in Chaumont, France under the command of then-Major General John J. Pershing.
During World War I it was designated the 84th Division, American Expeditionary Forces; during World War II it was known as the 84th Infantry Division. From 1946 to 1952, the division was a part of the United States Army Reserve as the 84th Airborne Division. In 1959, the division was reorganized and redesignated once more as the 84th Division.
The American Expeditionary Force that deployed to France during World War I emphasized the need for a single transportation manager. William W. Atterbury , a former railroad executive, was commissioned as a brigadier general and appointed as the Director-General of Transportation and a separate Motor Transport Corps of the National Army was ...
Stevedore operations were established by the United States Army to provide movement of supplies through ports in support of the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I. The first American stevedores in France were civilians. Stevedores were originally organized into regiments, and were among the first troops sent to France.
On August 6, 1917, four months after the American entry into World War I, Atterbury was granted a leave of absence from his position with the Pennsylvania Railroad to join the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) in France. Atterbury served as the AEF's director-general of transportation.
Second Army, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), was established in October 1918 during World War I and demobilized in April 1919. A new Second Army operated from 1933 to 1966, and 1983 to 1995, as a training army in the continental United States.