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In economics, the law of increasing costs is a principle that states that to produce an increasing amount of a good a supplier must give up greater and greater amounts of another good. The best way to look at this is to review an example of an economy that only produces two things - cars and oranges. If all the resources of the economy are put ...
Comparative advantage in an economic model is the advantage over others in producing a particular good. A good can be produced at a lower relative opportunity cost or autarky price, i.e. at a lower relative marginal cost prior to trade. [ 1] Comparative advantage describes the economic reality of the gains from trade for individuals, firms, or ...
v. t. e. Financial issues facing students in the United States include the rising cost of tuition, as well as ancillaries, such as room and board, textbook and coursework costs, personal expenses, and transportation. [1] After adjusting for inflation, average published tuition at public (4-year, in-state) and private non-profit universities has ...
Wagner's law, also known as the law of increasing [ a] state activity, [ 2] is the observation that public expenditure increases as national income rises. [ 3] It is named after the German economist Adolph Wagner (1835–1917), who first observed the effect in his own country and then for other countries. [ 4]
The Revenue and Expenditure Control Act of 1968 is a United States law that created a temporary 10 percent income tax surcharge for both individuals and corporations through June 30, 1969, to help pay for the Vietnam War. It also delayed a scheduled reduction in the telephone and automobile excise tax, causing them to end in 1973 instead of 1969.
Production–possibility frontier. In microeconomics, a production–possibility frontier ( PPF ), production possibility curve ( PPC ), or production possibility boundary ( PPB) is a graphical representation showing all the possible options of output for two goods that can be produced using all factors of production, where the given resources ...
In macroeconomics, the guns versus butter model is an example of a simple production–possibility frontier. It demonstrates the relationship between a nation's investment in defense and civilian goods. The "guns or butter" model is used generally as a simplification of national spending as a part of GDP. This may be seen as an analogy for ...
Opportunity cost is the concept of ensuring efficient use of scarce resources, [ 25] a concept that is central to health economics. The massive increase in the need for intensive care has largely limited and exacerbated the department's ability to address routine health problems.