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The historic counties of England are areas that were established for administration by the Normans, in many cases based on earlier kingdoms and shires created by the Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Celts and others. They are alternatively known as ancient counties, [ 2][ 3] traditional counties, [ 4] former counties[ 5][ 6] or simply as counties. [ 7]
The counties of England are a type of subdivision of England.Counties have been used as administrative areas in England since Anglo-Saxon times. There are three definitions of county in England: the 48 ceremonial counties used for the purposes of lieutenancy; the 84 metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties for local government; [a] and the 39 historic counties which were used for ...
The Scottish counties have their origins in the 'sheriffdoms' first created in the reign of Alexander I (1107–24) and extended by David I (1124–53). The sheriff, operating from a royal castle, was the strong hand of the king in his sheriffdom with all embracing duties – judicial, military, financial and administrative.
The Ordnance Survey began producing six inch to the mile (1:10,560) maps of Great Britain in the 1840s, modelled on its first large-scale maps of Ireland from the mid-1830s. This was partly in response to the Tithe Commutation Act 1836 which led to calls for a large-scale survey of England and Wales .
English county histories, in other words historical and topographical (or "chorographical") works concerned with individual ancient counties of England, were produced by antiquarians from the late 16th century onwards. The content was variable: most focused on recording the ownership of estates and the descent of lordships of manors, thus the ...
The historic counties of Yorkshire, Cumberland, Westmorland, Huntingdonshire and Middlesex are the five defunct ceremonial counties which were historically counties. With their abolition as ceremonial counties, Yorkshire is divided for that purpose into the East Riding of Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire.
County Area 1 Yorkshire: 5,961 sq mi 2 Lincolnshire: 2,748 sq mi 3 Devon: 2,579 sq mi 4 Norfolk: 2,092 sq mi 5 Northumberland: 1,871 sq mi 6 Lancashire: 1,831 sq mi 7 Somerset: 1,642 sq mi 8 Hampshire: 1,628 sq mi 9 Kent: 1,537 sq mi 10 Essex: 1,532 sq mi 11 Suffolk: 1,512 sq mi 12 Cumberland: 1,478 sq mi 13 Sussex: 1,463 sq mi 14 Wiltshire ...
In the following tables, the size of the electorate is shown as it was estimated to be in about 1800. These figures are estimates only, particularly in seats which were rarely contested. In England, Scotland and Wales, there were 29 general elections between 1700 and the Reform Act of 1832. In Ireland, there were 11 elections between the Act of ...