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A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question (s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [ 1] A strong research design yields valid answers to research questions while weak designs yield unreliable, imprecise or ...
Meta-research is the study of research through the use of research methods. Also known as "research on research", it aims to reduce waste and increase the quality of research in all fields. Meta-research concerns itself with the detection of bias, methodological flaws, and other errors and inefficiencies.
A scientist gathering data for her research. Empirical research is research using empirical evidence. It is also a way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience. Empiricism values some research more than other kinds. Empirical evidence (the record of one's direct observations or experiences) can be analyzed ...
Longitudinal study. A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over long periods of time (i.e., uses longitudinal data ). It is often a type of observational study, although it can also be structured as longitudinal randomized ...
Clinical research is a branch of medical research that involves people and aims to determine the effectiveness ( efficacy) and safety of medications, devices, diagnostic products, and treatment regimens intended for improving human health. [ 1][ 2] These research procedures are designed for the prevention, treatment, diagnosis or understanding ...
Medical human subject research often involves analysis of biological specimens, epidemiological and behavioral studies and medical chart review studies. [1] A specific, and especially heavily regulated, type of medical human subject research is the " clinical trial ", in which drugs, vaccines and medical devices are evaluated.)
Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena. [ 1] In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques ...
The phases of clinical research are the stages in which scientists conduct experiments with a health intervention to obtain sufficient evidence for a process considered effective as a medical treatment. [ 1] For drug development, the clinical phases start with testing for drug safety in a few human subjects, then expand to many study ...