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Python syntax and semantics. A snippet of Python code with keywords highlighted in bold yellow font. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java ...
A similar function can be defined for popping and then inserting, which in Python is called "heapreplace": // Extract the root of the heap, and push a new item // heap : an array representing the heap, indexed at 1 // item : an element to insert // Returns the current root of heap Replace ( heap : List<T>, item : T) -> T: swap heap [1] and item ...
Insertion sort. Insertion sort is a simple sorting algorithm that builds the final sorted array (or list) one item at a time by comparisons. It is much less efficient on large lists than more advanced algorithms such as quicksort, heapsort, or merge sort. However, insertion sort provides several advantages:
Timsort is a stable sorting algorithm (order of elements with same key is kept) and strives to perform balanced merges (a merge thus merges runs of similar sizes). In order to achieve sorting stability, only consecutive runs are merged. Between two non-consecutive runs, there can be an element with the same key inside the runs.
NumPy. NumPy (pronounced / ˈnʌmpaɪ / NUM-py) is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. [ 3] The predecessor of NumPy, Numeric, was originally created by Jim Hugunin with ...
Binary search tree. Fig. 1: A binary search tree of size 9 and depth 3, with 8 at the root. In computer science, a binary search tree ( BST ), also called an ordered or sorted binary tree, is a rooted binary tree data structure with the key of each internal node being greater than all the keys in the respective node's left subtree and less than ...
Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of their features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including metaprogramming [ 70] and metaobjects ). [ 71] Many other paradigms are supported via extensions, including design by ...
Iterator. In computer programming, an iterator is an object that progressively provides access to each item of a collection, in order. [1] [2] [3] A collection may provide multiple iterators via its interface that provide items in different orders, such as forwards and backwards. An iterator is often implemented in terms of the structure ...