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Hodgkin lymphoma ( HL) is a type of lymphoma in which cancer originates from a specific type of white blood cell called lymphocytes, where multinucleated Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) are present in the patient's lymph nodes. [ 2][ 8] The condition was named after the English physician Thomas Hodgkin, who first described it in 1832. [ 9 ...
Ann Arbor staging is the staging system for lymphomas, both in Hodgkin's lymphoma (formerly designated Hodgkin's disease) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (abbreviated NHL). It was initially developed for Hodgkin's, but has some use in NHL. It has roughly the same function as TNM staging in solid tumors. The stage depends on both the place where the ...
In this staging system, stage I represents localized disease contained within a lymph node group, II represents the presence of lymphoma in two or more lymph nodes groups, III represents spread of the lymphoma to lymph nodes groups on both sides of the diaphragm, and IV indicates spread to tissue outside the lymphatic system. Different suffixes ...
In Stage II, "bulky disease" means tumor mass larger than a certain size; the threshold depends on the type of lymphoma. [2] Stage III: The lymphoma is on both sides of the diaphragm, [2] either in lymph nodes both above and below the diaphragm, or in lymph nodes above the diaphragm and in the spleen. [2] Stage IV: The lymphoma is in one or ...
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( DLBCL) is a cancer of B cells, a type of lymphocyte that is responsible for producing antibodies. It is the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma among adults, [ 1] with an annual incidence of 7–8 cases per 100,000 people per year in the US and UK. [ 2][ 3] This cancer occurs primarily in older individuals ...
Follicular lymphoma ( FL) is a cancer that involves certain types of white blood cells known as lymphocytes. The cancer originates from the uncontrolled division of specific types of B-cells known as centrocytes and centroblasts. These cells normally occupy the follicles (nodular swirls of various types of lymphocytes) in the germinal centers ...
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