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Decoupage or découpage ( / ˌdeɪkuːˈpɑːʒ /; [ 1] French: [dekupaʒ]) is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf, and other decorative elements. Commonly, an object like a small box or an item of furniture is covered by cutouts from magazines or from ...
Prince Rupert's drop. Prince Rupert's drops (also known as Dutch tears or Batavian tears) [ 1][ 2] are toughened glass beads created by dripping molten glass into cold water, which causes it to solidify into a tadpole -shaped droplet with a long, thin tail. These droplets are characterized internally by very high residual stresses, which give ...
The history of glass-making dates back to at least 3,600 years ago in Mesopotamia. However, most writers claim that they may have been producing copies of glass objects from Egypt. [ 1] Other archaeological evidence suggests that the first true glass was made in coastal north Syria, Mesopotamia or Egypt. [ 2]
Window glass was formed by casting into flat clay molds then removed and cleaned. [12] The texture in stained glass comes from the texture the sand mold left on the side in contact with the mold. [12] Polymeric composites also made an appearance during this time frame in the form of wood.
Ancient glass trade. A Hellenistic glass amphora excavated from Olbia, Sardinia, dated to the 2nd century BC. The ways in which glass was exchanged throughout ancient times is intimately related to its production and is a stepping stone to learning about the economies and interactions of ancient societies. Because of its nature it can be shaped ...
Stiegel's glass works in the Province of Pennsylvania was the first in America to make fine lead crystal, which is often mislabeled as flint glass. [64] Amelung invested more money in glassmaking than anyone ever had and produced impressive quality glass with engraving —although his Maryland glass works failed after 11 years. [ 65 ]
A glass building facade. Glass is an amorphous ( non-crystalline) solid. Because it is often transparent and chemically inert, glass has found widespread practical, technological, and decorative use in window panes, tableware, and optics. Some common objects made of glass like "a glass" of water, "glasses", and "magnifying glass", are named ...
Fourcault process. The Fourcault process is a method of manufacturing plate glass. First developed in Belgium by Émile Fourcault [ fr] (1862–1919) during the early 1900s, the process was used globally. Fourcault is an example of a "vertical draw" process, in that the glass is drawn against gravity in an upward direction. [1]