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Ground penetrating radar is a tool used in archaeological field surveys. In archaeology, survey or field survey is a type of field research by which archaeologists (often landscape archaeologists) search for archaeological sites and collect information about the location, distribution and organization of past human cultures across a large area (e.g. typically in excess of one hectare, and ...
Systematic survey or extensive survey is the archaeological technique of detailed examination of an area for the purpose of recording the location and significance of archaeological resources. [1] It provides a regional perspective by gathering information on settlement patterns over a large area.
Both survey design and interpretation require a knowledge of the archaeological record and how it is expressed geophysically. Appropriate instrumentation, survey design, and data processing are essential for success, and must be adapted to the unique geology and archaeological record of each site.
Magnetic survey of an archaeological site Magnetic gradiometer map of Prehistoric fire-hearths A magnetic survey at Pembroke Castle carried out by Dyfed Archaeological Trust and funded by the Castle Studies Trust [1] Magnetic surveying is one of a number of methods used in archaeological geophysics. Magnetic surveys record spatial variation in ...
The term settlement archaeology initially referred to a research methodology whose most important exponent was Gustaf Kossinna, who developed his "settlement archaeology method" beginning in 1887. According to Kossinna and his disciples, cultures , cultural areas and, ultimately, settlement areas of ethnic groups can be deduced through types ...
Archaeological stratification or sequence is the dynamic superimposition of single units of stratigraphy or contexts. [16] The context (physical location) of a discovery can be of major significance. Archaeological context refers to where an artifact or feature was found as well as what the artifact or feature was located near. [17]
Electrical resistance survey of an archaeological site using a twin probe system. In most systems, metal probes (electrodes) are inserted into the ground to obtain a reading of the local electrical resistance. A variety of probe configurations are used, most having four probes, often mounted on a rigid frame. In these systems, two of the probes ...
Keep in mind that archaeologists frequently alter or add techniques in the process of analysis as observations can alter original research questions. [ 5 ] In most cases, basic steps crucial to analysis (such as cleaning and labeling artifacts) are performed in a general laboratory setting while more sophisticated techniques are performed by ...