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Caffenol is a photographic alternative process whereby phenols, sodium carbonate and optionally vitamin C are used in aqueous solution as a film and print photographic developer. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Other basic (as opposed to acidic ) chemicals can be used in place of sodium carbonate; however, sodium carbonate is the most common.
Photographic processing or photographic development is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image.
Agfacolor. Ap-41 process (pre-1978 Agfa color slides; 1978-1983 was a transition period when Agfa slowly changed their color slide films from AP-41 to E6); Anthotype; Autochrome Lumière, 1903
العربية; বাংলা; Беларуская; Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Bosanski; Чӑвашла; Čeština; Español; Esperanto
Instant coffee is one of the ingredients in Caffenol, [14] a home-made, non-toxic black-and-white photographic developer. The other ingredients in the basic formula are ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and anhydrous sodium carbonate; some recipes also include potassium bromide as a fog-reducing agent. The active ingredient appears to be caffeic acid.
The term alternative process refers to any non-traditional or non-commercial photographic printing process. Currently, the standard analog photographic printing process for black-and-white photographs is the gelatin silver process. [1]
The former president is expected to soon be indicted by a grand jury for his role in a hush-money payment made to the porn star Stormy Daniels on the eve of the 2016 election.
Art critic Tessa Laird described the result. ‘By superimposing three exposures of the same subject the flow of time’s stream is tripled…’ [8] Paul’s ongoing interest in meshing the technical aspects of film production with content led her to the Caffenol development process.