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  2. Certificate revocation list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_revocation_list

    To validate a specific CRL prior to relying on it, the certificate of its corresponding CA is needed. The certificates for which a CRL should be maintained are often X.509/public key certificates, as this format is commonly used by PKI schemes.

  3. Online Certificate Status Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Certificate_Status...

    Thus, the replay attack is a major threat to validation systems. OCSP can support more than one level of CA. OCSP requests may be chained between peer responders to query the issuing CA appropriate for the subject certificate, with responders validating each other's responses against the root CA using their own OCSP requests.

  4. Validation authority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Validation_authority

    It must be continuously updated with current CRL information from a certificate authority which issued the certificates contained within the CRL. While this is a potentially labor-intensive process, the use of a dedicated validation authority allows for dynamic validation of certificates issued by an offline root certificate authority. While ...

  5. Public key certificate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificate

    A certificate provider will issue an organization validation (OV) class certificate to a purchaser if the purchaser can meet two criteria: the right to administratively manage the domain name in question, and perhaps, the organization's actual existence as a legal entity.

  6. Certificate revocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_revocation

    There are three broad architectures for how clients access revocation status: pull-based, where clients retrieve revocation status at validation time; push-based, where clients retrieve revocation status ahead of validation and cache it; and network-assisted, where revocation checking is tightly integrated with the TLS protocol and separate ...

  7. Certification path validation algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certification_path...

    The certification path validation algorithm is the algorithm which verifies that a given certificate path is valid under a given public key infrastructure (PKI). A path starts with the Subject certificate and proceeds through a number of intermediate certificates up to a trusted root certificate , typically issued by a trusted certificate ...

  8. OCSP stapling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCSP_stapling

    OCSP stapling is designed to reduce the cost of an OCSP validation, both for the client and the OCSP responder, especially for large sites serving many simultaneous users. However, OCSP stapling supports only one OCSP response at a time, which is insufficient for certificate chains with intermediate CA certs.

  9. Complete Response Letter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_Response_Letter

    In United States pharmaceutical regulatory practice, a Complete Response Letter (CRL), or more rarely, a 314.110 letter, is a regulatory action by the Food and Drug Administration in response to a New Drug Application, Amended New Drug Application or Biologics License Application, indicating that the application will not be approved in its present form. [1]