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Sensory memory (SM) allows individuals to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimulus has ceased. [2] A common demonstration of SM is a child's ability to write letters and make circles by twirling a sparkler at night.
Echoic memory is the sensory memory that registers specific to auditory information (sounds). Once an auditory stimulus is heard, it is stored in memory so that it can be processed and understood. [ 1 ]
The sensory memory is responsible for holding onto information that the mind receives through the senses such as haptic, auditory and visual information. For example, if someone were to hear a bird chirp, they know that it is a bird because that information is held in the brief sensory memory.
Sensory memory holds information, derived from the senses, less than one second after an item is perceived. The ability to look at an item and remember what it looked like with just a split second of observation, or memorization, is an example of sensory memory. It is out of cognitive control and is an automatic response.
The term "engram" was coined by memory researcher Richard Semon in reference to the physical substrate of memory in the organism. Semon warned, however: "In animals, during the evolutionary process, one organic system—the nervous system—has become specialised for the reception and transmission of stimuli.
Memory is a property of the central nervous system, with three different classifications: short-term, long-term and sensory memory. [2] The three types of memory have specific, different functions but each are equally important for memory processes.
Sensory input must be actively relayed and filtered by the thalamus to the cortex for short term memory storage. [ citation needed ] Olfactory sensory input is the most prevalent in our memory, contrary to the popular belief, as it mostly bypasses the thalamus, and all such information gets encoded directly.
In perceptual psychology, a sensory cue is a statistic or signal that can be extracted from the sensory input by a perceiver, that indicates the state of some property of the world that the perceiver is interested in perceiving. A cue is some organization of the data present in the signal which allows for meaningful extrapolation.