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Byzantine flags and insignia. For most of its history, the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire did not use heraldry in the Western European sense of permanent motifs transmitted through hereditary right. [1] Various large aristocratic families employed certain symbols to identify themselves; [1] the use of the cross, and of icons of Christ, the ...
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The eastern half of the Empire survived the conditions that caused the fall of the West in the 5th century AD, and continued to exist until the fall of Constantinople ...
The "fire steels" are appear only in western armorials, but not in portolan charts, where the Greek letters Beta are always presented in their original form. In the Byzantine Empire, this corrupted form of Greek letters "fire steels" could not be used and known. This flag is therefore a western interpretation of the Byzantine flag.
The Byzantine army was the primary military body of the Byzantine armed forces, serving alongside the Byzantine navy. A direct continuation of the Eastern Roman army, shaping and developing itself on the legacy of the late Hellenistic armies, [ 1] it maintained a similar level of discipline, strategic prowess and organization.
25 July 306 –. 22 May 337. (30 years, 9 months and 27 days) Born at Naissus c. 272 as the son of the Augustus Constantius and Helena. Proclaimed Augustus of the western empire upon the death of his father on 25 July 306, he became sole ruler of the western empire after the Battle of the Milvian Bridge in 312.
A flamethrower is a ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable jet of fire. First deployed by the Byzantine Empire in the 7th century AD, flamethrowers saw use in modern times during World War I, and more widely in World War II as a tactical weapon against fortifications.
Στόλος Ρωμαίων πυρπολῶν τὸν τῶν ἐναντίων στόλον, "The Roman fleet burn the opposite fleet down" – A Eastern Roman Empire / Byzantine war ship using their "secret weapon" Greek Fire against a ship belonging to the rebel Thomas the Slav, AD 821. ( 12th century illustration from the "Madrid Skylitzes ...
The Byzantine Empire's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD. From the 3rd to 6th centuries, the Greek East and Latin West of the Roman Empire gradually diverged, marked by Diocletian's (r. 284–305) formal partition of its administration in 285, [1] the establishment of an eastern capital in Constantinople by Constantine I in 330, [n ...