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Practical Ethics is widely read and was described as "an excellent text for an introductory ethics course" by the philosopher John Martin Fischer. [4] The philosopher James Rachels recommended the book "as an introduction centered on such practical issues as abortion, racism, and so forth."
— Peter Singer, Practical Ethics (2011), 3rd edition, Cambridge University Press, p. 50 Utilitarian philosophers such as Singer care about the well-being of sentient non-human animals as well as humans.
Peter Albert David Singer AC FAHA (born 6 July 1946) is an Australian moral philosopher who is Emeritus Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University.Singer's work specialises in applied ethics, approaching the subject from a secular, utilitarian perspective.
Singer found it difficult to accept the argument from intrinsic worth of a-biotic or "non-sentient" (non-conscious) entities, and concluded in his first edition of "Practical Ethics" that they should not be included in the expanding circle of moral worth. [14] This approach is essentially then, bio-centric.
Moral circle expansion is an increase over time in the number and type of entities given moral consideration. [1] The general idea of moral inclusion was discussed by ancient philosophers and since the 19th century has inspired social movements related to human rights and animal rights.
A common criticism of Singer's essay is the demandingness objection. For example, the "supposed obligation" of Singer's essay has been criticised by John Arthur in 1982, [8] by John Kekes in 2002, [9] and by Kwame Anthony Appiah in 2006, [10] and Singer's claim of a straight path from commonsense morality to great giving has also been disputed ...
[8]: 3 Singer also notes that utilitarianism is "the best-known, though not the only, consequentialist theory." [8]: 3 Epicureanism offers a pleasure-based consequential theory of ethics, and its founder says "we think empirically concerning the actions based on the results observed from any course of action."
Cambridge University Press, as part of the University of Cambridge, was a non-profit organization. Cambridge University Press joined The Association of American Publishers trade organization in the Hachette v. Internet Archive lawsuit which resulted in the removal of access to over 500,000 books from global readers. [5] [6]
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