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With the likelihood of the United States entering the war, and after experiments with various paint schemes conducted in association with the 1940 Fleet Problem (exercise), the Bureau of Ships (BuShips) directed in January 1941 that the peacetime color of overall #5 Standard Navy Gray, a light gloss shade with a linseed oil base, be replaced with matte Dark Gray, #5-D, a new paint formulation ...
Ocean Gray 5-O Some patterns were designed to be used for either Measure 31, 32 or 33 depending on the colors used; these pattern sheets were marked, e.g., MS-3_/3D; in the following table the effective Measure is listed in parentheses after each ship in the last column.
Each ship's dazzle pattern was unique to make it more difficult for the enemy to recognize different classes of ships. ... Haze Gray 5-H: Ocean Gray 5-O: Deck Blue 20 ...
The United States Navy saying "haze gray and underway" refers firstly to the color "haze gray". Haze gray is a paint color scheme used by USN warships to make the ships harder to see clearly. [1] [2] [3] The gray color reduces the contrast of the ships with the horizon, and reduces the vertical patterns in the ship's appearance. [4]
Both the US Navy and the Royal Navy [34] painted ships dark gray on the hull and light gray on the superstructure and turrets. [35] USN measure 12 was a graded system with sea blue low on the hull below the first continuous deck, with ocean gray above that. The top of the masts were painted haze gray. [36]
Each ship's dazzle pattern was unique to make it more difficult for the enemy to recognize different classes of ships. The result was that a profusion of dazzle schemes were tried, and the evidence for their success was at best mixed. Dazzle camouflage patterns used on aircraft carriers are presented here. [1]
Dazzle ships had been attacked in 1.47% of sailings, compared to 1.12% for uncamouflaged ships, suggesting increased visibility, but as Wilkinson had argued, dazzle was not attempting to make ships hard to see. Suggestively, of the ships that were struck by torpedoes, 43% of the dazzle ships sank, compared to 54% of the uncamouflaged. [8] [33]
The Worcester combined destroyer maneuverability with cruiser size, with a main battery that could engage both surface targets and aircraft. The design was largely considered a failure, due to the main armament of twin automatic 6-inch (152 mm) guns achieving fire rates of 9-10 rpm which was lower than the similar design of automatic 8-inch ...