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Levothyroxine, also known as L-thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T 4). [5] [8] It is used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism), including a severe form known as myxedema coma. [5]
The major form of thyroid hormone in the blood is thyroxine (T 4), whose half-life of around one week [4] is longer than that of T 3. [5] In humans, the ratio of T 4 to T 3 released into the blood is approximately 14:1. [6] T 4 is converted to the active T 3 (three to four times more potent than T 4) within cells by deiodinases (5′-deiodinase).
Rank Brand Name(s) Generic Name Sales Q1 2014 Sales ($000) Change from Q4 2013 Company(ies) Disease/Medical Use First Approval Date Patent Expiration Date [6] [7]; 1: Abilify
The FDA evaluated 2,070 studies conducted between 1996 and 2007 that compared the absorption of brand-name and generic drugs into a person's body. The average difference in absorption between the generic and the brand-name drug was 3.5 percent, comparable to the difference between two batches of a brand-name drug.
Levothyroxine should be used to keep TSH levels within the normal range for that trimester. The first-trimester normal range is below 2.5 mIU/L and the second and third trimesters normal range is below 3.0 mIU/L. [16] [44] Treatment should be guided by total (rather than free) thyroxine or by the free T 4 index.
[5] Macrogol came into use as a bowel prep in 1980 and was approved for medical use in the United States in 1999. [10] [11] [12] It is available as a generic medication and over the counter. [3] [13] In 2022, it was the 209th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
Modified-release dosage is a mechanism that (in contrast to immediate-release dosage) delivers a drug with a delay after its administration (delayed-release dosage) or for a prolonged period of time (extended-release [ER, XR, XL] dosage) or to a specific target in the body (targeted-release dosage).
From or to a drug trade name: This is a redirect from (or to) the trade name of a drug to (or from) the international nonproprietary name (INN).