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Anak Krakatau [notes 1] is a volcanic island in Indonesia. On 29 December 1927, Anak Krakatau first emerged from the caldera formed in 1883 by the explosive volcanic eruption that destroyed the island of Krakatoa .
The eruptions were initially of pumice and ash, and that island and the two islands that followed were quickly eroded away by the sea. Eventually a fourth island named Anak Krakatau (meaning "child of Krakatoa" in Indonesian) broke water in August 1930, and produced lava flows more quickly than the waves could erode them.
Krakatoa (/ ˌ k r ɑː k ə ˈ t oʊ ə, ˌ k r æ k-/), also transcribed Krakatau (/-ˈ t aʊ /), is a caldera [1] in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung. The caldera is part of a volcanic island group (Krakatoa archipelago) comprising four islands.
Ujung Kulon National Park is a national park at the westernmost tip of Java, located in Sumur District of Pandeglang Regency, part of Banten province in Indonesia.It once included the volcanic island group of Krakatoa in Lampung province, [2] [3] although current maps has suggested the Krakatoa island group as its own protected area, the Pulau Anak Krakatau Marine Nature Reserve.
On 22 December 2018, Andersen documented the volcanic-eruption of Anak Krakatau, that triggered the significant Sunda Strait tsunami. [7] Following the event, his account has been a source for international news channels and scientific organizations. [8] [9] [10] He is a co-author on a scientific paper on the 2018 Anak Krakatau eruption. [11]
The 2009 episode "Krakatoa" of History's geology-based documentary series How the Earth Was Made also chronicles the geologic history of Krakatoa. [ 14 ] In a 1991 episode of the TV show Seinfeld , Jerry (in 1985) is tricked by Kramer into donating money to the Krakatoa relief fund, even though it erupted 102 years earlier.
Rakata is a volcanic cone with its northern face being a vertical cliff, exposing much of its eruptive history.More than 25 extrusion dikes have been counted; the largest at the center runs from sea level to 320 meters above and terminates in a large (about 6 meters in diameter), convex form.
In the months leading up to the 2018 tsunami, Anak Krakatau had seen increased activity. Starting in June 2018, Anak Krakatau saw an increase of volcanic activity with a Strombolian eruption, producing lava flows and ash plumes as high as 5 km. One day prior to the collapse, on 21 December, an eruption was observed, lasting more than two ...