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Low-set ears are defined as the outer ears being positioned two or more standard deviations lower than the population average. [1] Clinically, if the point at which the helix (curved upper part) of the outer ear meets the cranium is at or below the line connecting the inner canthi of eyes (the bicanthal plane), the ears are considered low set ...
In Saethre–Chotzen syndrome, the ears may be low set, posteriorly rotated, have other minor anomalies and there may be a presence of a conductive hearing loss or a mixed hearing loss (Perterson-Falszone, 2001). Hearing loss in this group can also be caused by middle ear disease when a cleft palate is present. [1]
For low frequencies, it behaves similarly to a reflector dish, directing sounds toward the ear canal. For high frequencies, however, its value is thought to be more sophisticated. While some of the sounds that enter the ear travel directly to the canal, others reflect off the contours of the pinna first: these enter the ear canal after a very ...
Microtia is a congenital deformity where the auricle (external ear) is underdeveloped. A completely undeveloped auricle is referred to as anotia.Because microtia and anotia have the same origin, it can be referred to as microtia-anotia. [1]
Otoplasty (surgery of the ear) was developed in ancient India and is described in the medical compendium, the Sushruta Samhita (Sushruta's Compendium, c. 500 AD).The book discussed otoplastic and other plastic surgery techniques and procedures for correcting, repairing and reconstructing ears, noses, lips, and genitalia that were amputated as criminal, religious, and military punishments.
The outer ear, external ear, or auris externa is the external part of the ear, which consists of the auricle (also pinna) and the ear canal. [1] It gathers sound energy and focuses it on the eardrum ( tympanic membrane ).
They all had long and uneven facial features, low-set hairlines, short fingers, and webbing between the second and third fingers and between the second, third, and fourth toes. A year later in 1932, F. Chotzen, a German psychiatrist , described a father and his two sons as having very similar characteristics as the mother and her daughters, as ...
The surgical option is cosmetic reconstruction of the external ear's normal shape and repair of the ear canal. In less severe cases, the reconstruction will be sufficient to restore hearing. In grades of anotia/microtia that affect the middle ear, the surgery with the use of a bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) will likely restore the hearing ...