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A volume serial number is a serial number assigned to a disk volume or tape volume. In FAT and NTFS file systems , a volume serial number is a feature used to determine if a disk is present in a drive or not, and to detect if it was exchanged with another one.
2 76 bits – Maximum volume and file size in the Unix File System (UFS) and maximum disk capacity using the 64-bit LBA SCSI standard introduced in 2000 using 512-byte blocks. [20] 10 23: 1.0 × 10 23 bits – increase in information capacity when 1 joule of energy is added to a heat-bath at 1 K (−272.15 °C) [21] 2 77
Disk partitioning or disk slicing [1] is the creation of one or more regions on secondary storage, so that each region can be managed separately. [2] These regions are called partitions. It is typically the first step of preparing a newly installed disk after a partitioning scheme is chosen for the new disk before any file system is created.
Disk Operating System GEC: 1973 Core Operating System CP/M file system: Digital Research (Gary Kildall) 1974 CP/M [1] [2] ODS-1: DEC: 1975 RSX-11: GEC DOS filing system extended GEC: 1977 OS4000: FAT (8-bit) Microsoft (Marc McDonald) for NCR: 1977 Microsoft Standalone Disk BASIC-80 (later Microsoft Standalone Disk BASIC-86) DOS 3.x: Apple: 1978 ...
If the actual size of the disk exceeds the maximum partition size representable using the legacy 32-bit LBA entries in the MBR partition table, the recorded size of this partition is clipped at the maximum, thereby ignoring the rest of the disk. This amounts to a maximum reported size of 2 TiB, assuming a disk with 512 bytes per sector (see 512e).
In computer file systems, a cluster (sometimes also called allocation unit or block) is a unit of disk space allocation for files and directories.To reduce the overhead of managing on-disk data structures, the filesystem does not allocate individual disk sectors by default, but contiguous groups of sectors, called clusters.
2.5-inch hard disk drives often consume less power than larger ones. [12] [13] Low capacity solid-state drives have no moving parts and consume less power than hard disks. [14] [15] [16] Also, memory may use more power than hard disks. [16] Large caches, which are used to avoid hitting the memory wall, may also consume a large amount of power.
The sector unit is the smallest size of data to be stored in a hard disk drive, and each file will have many sector units assigned to it. The smallest entity in a CD is called a frame, which consists of 33 bytes and contains six complete 16-bit stereo samples (two bytes × two channels × six samples = 24 bytes).