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The supratrochlear nerve passes medially [3] above the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle. [2] [3] It then travels anteriorly above the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. [1] It exits the orbit through the supratrochlear notch or foramen. [3] It then ascends onto the forehead beneath the corrugator supercilii muscle and frontalis muscle ...
The ophthalmic nerve gives rise to three branches: the supraorbital nerve, the supratrochlear nerve, and the nasociliary nerve. Any combination of these nerves can be affected in HZO, although the most feared complications occur with nasociliary nerve involvement, due to its innervation of the eye.
The ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) is a sensory nerve of the head. It is one of three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) , a cranial nerve . It has three major branches which provide sensory innervation to the eye , and the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp , as well as other structures of the head.
The nerve pain of PHN is thought to result from damage in a peripheral nerve that was affected by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus. PHN typically begins when the herpes zoster vesicles have crusted over and begun to heal, but can begin in the absence of herpes zoster—a condition called zoster sine herpete .
In then travels superolateral to the annulus of Zinn between the lacrimal nerve and inferior ophthalmic vein. After entering the orbit it travels anteriorly between the roof periosteum and the levator palpebrae superioris. Midway between the apex and base of the orbit it divides into two branches, the supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve.
The supraorbital nerve is one of two terminal branches - the other being the supratrochlear nerve - of the frontal nerve (itself a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1)). [1] It exits the orbit via the supraorbital foramen/notch before splitting into a medial branch and a lateral branch. It innervates the skin of the forehead, upper eyelid ...
Cutaneous dysesthesia is characterized by discomfort or pain from touch to the skin by normal stimuli, including clothing. The unpleasantness can range from a mild tingling to blunt, incapacitating pain. [citation needed] Scalp dysesthesia is characterized by pain or burning sensations on or under the surface of the cranial skin. Scalp ...
The clinical consequences of weakness in the superior oblique (caused, for example, by fourth nerve palsies) are discussed below. This summary of the superior oblique muscle describes its most important functions. However, it is an oversimplification of the actual situation.