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Industrial symbiosis is a subset of industrial ecology, with a particular focus on material and energy exchange. Industrial ecology is a relatively new field that is based on a natural paradigm, claiming that an industrial ecosystem may behave in a similar way to the natural ecosystem wherein everything gets recycled, albeit the simplicity and ...
Her current research addresses industrial ecology, business/environment issues, waste management, and environmental technology innovation. [3] She is a pioneer in the area of industrial symbiosis, [4] a sub-field of Industrial ecology that is focused on the shared management of resources by companies in relative geographic proximity. [5]
Treating productive organizations as complex adaptive systems allows for new management models that address economical, social and environmental benefits (Pisek and Wilson, 2001.) [11] In that field, cluster theory (Porter, 1990) [12] evolved in more environmentally sensitive theories, like industrial ecology (Frosh and Gallopoulos, 1989) [13] and industrial symbiosis (Chertow, 2000). [14]
The Kalundborg Eco-Industrial Park is the first full realization of industrial symbiosis. [1] The collaboration and its environmental implications arose unintentionally through private initiatives, as opposed to government planning, making it a model for private planning of eco-industrial parks. [ 2 ]
If, however, they occur widely separated, the industry is so located as to be most accessible to that element which would be the most expensive or difficult to transport and which, therefore, becomes the locative factor for the industry in question. In the same article the author defines and describes industrial symbiosis:
Industry classification or industry taxonomy is a type of economic taxonomy that classifies companies, organizations and traders into industrial groupings based on similar production processes, similar products, or similar behavior in financial markets.
An economic taxonomy is a system of classification of economic activity, including products, companies and industries. Some economists believe that the study of economic policy demands the use of a taxonomic/classificatory approach.
The taxonomy aims to classify innovation modes according to different sectoral groups and the flow of knowledge between such groups. It was first proposed by Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU) researcher Keith Pavitt at the University of Sussex and has since been applied in innovation research to describe and categorize industries and the ...