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To convert integer decimals to octal, divide the original number by the largest possible power of 8 and divide the remainders by successively smaller powers of 8 until the power is 1. The octal representation is formed by the quotients, written in the order generated by the algorithm. For example, to convert 125 10 to octal: 125 = 8 2 × 1 + 61
Use: {{Octal|x}} where x is the decimal number. Example: {{Octal|4632}} yields 11030 8 . Numbers outside the range of -9007199254740992 to 9007199254740992 may lose precision.
Each of these number systems is a positional system, but while decimal weights are powers of 10, the octal weights are powers of 8 and the hexadecimal weights are powers of 16. To convert from hexadecimal or octal to decimal, for each digit one multiplies the value of the digit by the value of its position and then adds the results. For example:
When converting from binary to octal every 3 bits relate to one and only one octal digit. Hexadecimal, decimal, octal, and a wide variety of other bases have been used for binary-to-text encoding, implementations of arbitrary-precision arithmetic, and other applications. For a list of bases and their applications, see list of numeral systems.
As an example, "0020" does not represent 20 10 (2×10 1 + 0×10 0), but rather 20 8 = 16 10 (2×8 1 + 0×8 0 = 1×10 1 + 6×10 0). Decimal numbers written with leading zeros will be interpreted as octal by languages that follow this convention and will generate errors if they contain "8" or "9", since these digits do not exist in octal.
Unless specified by context, numbers without subscript are considered to be decimal. By using a dot to divide the digits into two groups, one can also write fractions in the positional system. For example, the base 2 numeral 10.11 denotes 1×2 1 + 0×2 0 + 1×2 −1 + 1×2 −2 = 2.75. In general, numbers in the base b system are of the form:
In these respects, duodecimal is considered superior to decimal, which has only 2 and 5 as factors, and other proposed bases like octal or hexadecimal. Sexagesimal (base sixty) does even better in this respect (the reciprocals of all 5-smooth numbers terminate), but at the cost of unwieldy multiplication tables and a much larger number of ...
For example, the hexadecimal number 0xFF000000 may be expressed in dot-decimal notation as 255.0.0.0. An IPv4 address has 32 bits. For purposes of representation, the bits may be divided into four octets written in decimal numbers, ranging from 0 to 255, concatenated as a character string with full stop delimiters between each number. [3]