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Dynamic loading was a common technique for IBM's operating systems for System/360 such as OS/360, particularly for I/O subroutines, and for COBOL and PL/I runtime libraries, and continues to be used in IBM's operating systems for z/Architecture, such as z/OS. As far as the application programmer is concerned, the loading is largely transparent ...
The specific operating system and executable format determine how the dynamic linker functions and how it is implemented. Linking is often referred to as a process that is performed when the executable is compiled , while a dynamic linker is a special part of an operating system that loads external shared libraries into a running process and ...
An illustration of the linking process. Object files and static libraries are assembled into a new library or executable. A linker or link editor is a computer program that combines intermediate software build files such as object and library files into a single executable file such a program or library.
In order to load the operating system itself, as part of booting, a specialized boot loader is used. In many operating systems, the loader resides permanently in memory, though some operating systems that support virtual memory may allow the loader to be located in a region of memory that is pageable .
The majority of the work of linking is done at the time the application is loaded (load time) or during execution (runtime). Usually, the necessary linking program, called a dynamic linker or linking loader, is actually part of the underlying operating system. (However, it is possible, and not exceedingly difficult, to write a program that uses ...
Static avoids DLL Hell or more generally dependency hell and therefore can simplify development, distribution and installation. Another trade-off is memory used to load the library. With static linking, a smart linker only includes the code that is actually used, but for a dynamic library, the entire library is loaded into memory.
Unlike static load distribution algorithms, dynamic algorithms take into account the current load of each of the computing units (also called nodes) in the system. In this approach, tasks can be moved dynamically from an overloaded node to an underloaded node in order to receive faster processing.
Relocation is the process of assigning load addresses for position-dependent code and data of a program and adjusting the code and data to reflect the assigned addresses. [1] [2] Prior to the advent of multiprocess systems, and still in many embedded systems, the addresses for objects are absolute starting at a known location, often zero.