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During an infertility work-up a hysterosalpingogram, an X-ray procedure that uses a contrast agent to image the fallopian tubes, shows the retort-like shape of the distended tubes and the absence of spillage of the dye into the peritoneum. If, however, there is a tubal occlusion at the utero-tubal junction, a hydrosalpinx may go undetected.
Human genetic variants that likely cause dysregulation of critical meiotic processes have been identified in 14 female infertility associated genes. [53] A major cause of female infertility is premature ovarian insufficiency. [54] This insufficiency is a heterogeneous disease that affects about 1% of women who are under the age of 40. [54]
Tubal factor infertility (TFI) is female infertility caused by diseases, obstructions, damage, scarring, congenital malformations or other factors which impede the descent of a fertilized or unfertilized ovum into the uterus through the fallopian tubes and prevents a normal pregnancy and full term birth.
Less blood flow may be genetic and, if enquiries are made, it may be found that woman’s mother and/or sister also have decreased blood flow during their periods. Pregnancy can normally occur with this type of decreased flow during the period. The incidence of infertility is the same as in women with a normal blood flow.
Chronic anovulation is a common cause of infertility. In addition to the alteration of menstrual periods and infertility, chronic anovulation can cause or exacerbate other long-term problems, such as hyperandrogenism or osteopenia. It plays a central role in the multiple imbalances and dysfunctions of polycystic ovary syndrome.
Male infertility is responsible for 20–30% of infertility cases, while 20–35% are due to female infertility, and 25–40% are due to combined problems in both partners. [29] [5] In 10–20% of cases, no cause is found. [5] The most common cause of female infertility are ovulation problems, usually manifested by scanty or absent menstrual ...
Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is a tool of assisted reproductive technology against infertility.Eggs are removed from a woman's ovaries, and placed in one of the fallopian tubes, along with the man's sperm.
1.5 percent of young women yearly [8] Pelvic inflammatory disease , also known as pelvic inflammatory disorder ( PID ), is an infection of the upper part of the female reproductive system , mainly the uterus , fallopian tubes , and ovaries , and inside of the pelvis .