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  2. Liquid nitrogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen

    The temperature of liquid nitrogen can readily be reduced to its freezing point −210 °C (−346 °F; 63 K) by placing it in a vacuum chamber pumped by a vacuum pump. [2] Liquid nitrogen's efficiency as a coolant is limited by the fact that it boils immediately on contact with a warmer object, enveloping the object in an insulating layer of ...

  3. List of cooling baths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cooling_baths

    Liquid N 2: Isoamyl acetate-79 Dry ice: Sulfur dioxide-82 Liquid N 2: Ethyl Acetate-84 Liquid N 2: n-Butanol-89 Liquid N 2: Hexane-94 Liquid N 2: Acetone-94 Liquid N 2: Toluene-95 Liquid N 2: Methanol-98 Liquid N 2: Cyclohexene-104 Liquid N 2: Isooctane-107 Liquid N 2: Ethyl iodide-109 Liquid N 2: Carbon disulfide-110 Liquid N 2: Butyl bromide ...

  4. Cooling bath - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_bath

    A cooling bath or ice bath, in laboratory chemistry practice, is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and −196 °C. These low temperatures are used to collect liquids after distillation , to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator , or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature ...

  5. Boiling points of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_points_of_the...

    7 N nitrogen (N 2) use: 77.355 K: −195.795 °C: −320.431 °F WebEl: ... Values are in kelvin K and degrees Celsius °C, rounded For the equivalent in degrees ...

  6. Conversion of scales of temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_of_scales_of...

    Converting units of temperature differences (also referred to as temperature deltas) is not the same as converting absolute temperature values, and different formulae must be used. To convert a delta temperature from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius, the formula is {Δ T } °F = ⁠ 9 / 5 ⁠ {Δ T } °C .

  7. Cryogenics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenics

    Nitrogen is a liquid under −195.8 °C (77.3 K).. In physics, cryogenics is the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperatures.. The 13th International Institute of Refrigeration's (IIR) International Congress of Refrigeration (held in Washington, DC in 1971) endorsed a universal definition of "cryogenics" and "cryogenic" by accepting a threshold of 120 K (−153 °C) to ...

  8. Table of specific heat capacities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_specific_heat...

    A Assuming an altitude of 194 metres above mean sea level (the worldwide median altitude of human habitation), an indoor temperature of 23 °C, a dewpoint of 9 °C (40.85% relative humidity), and 760 mmHg sea level–corrected barometric pressure (molar water vapor content = 1.16%).

  9. Heats of vaporization of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heats_of_vaporization_of...

    7 N nitrogen (N 2) use (N 2) 5.57 CRC (N 2) 5.57 LNG (N 2 ... Values refer to the enthalpy change in the conversion of liquid to gas at the boiling point (normal, 101 ...