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Worst-case complexity: This is the complexity of solving the problem for the worst input of size . The order from cheap to costly is: Best, average (of discrete uniform distribution), amortized, worst. For example, the deterministic sorting algorithm quicksort addresses the problem of sorting a list of integers. The worst-case is when the pivot ...
Sketch of the Cynefin framework, by Edwin Stoop. The Cynefin framework (/ k ə ˈ n ɛ v ɪ n / kuh-NEV-in) [1] is a conceptual framework used to aid decision-making. [2] Created in 1999 by Dave Snowden when he worked for IBM Global Services, it has been described as a "sense-making device".
It follows that every complexity of an algorithm, that is expressed with big O notation, is also an upper bound on the complexity of the corresponding problem. On the other hand, it is generally hard to obtain nontrivial lower bounds for problem complexity, and there are few methods for obtaining such lower bounds. For solving most problems, it ...
The complexity of contemporary problems exceeds the cognitive capacity of any individual and requires different but complementary varieties of expertise and collective problem solving ability. [ 81 ] Collective intelligence is shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration , collective efforts, and competition of many individuals.
Complexity in this context is measured either by placing a language into the Chomsky hierarchy or by listing idiomatic features of the language and comparing according to some agreed to scale of difficulties between idioms. Many languages once thought to be of lower complexity have evolved or later been discovered to be more complex than ...
Computational complexity theory is the study of the complexity of problems – that is, the difficulty of solving them. Problems can be classified by complexity class according to the time it takes for an algorithm – usually a computer program – to solve them as a function of the problem size. Some problems are difficult to solve, while ...
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class FP is the set of function problems that can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine in polynomial time. It is the function problem version of the decision problem class P. Roughly speaking, it is the class of functions that can be efficiently computed on classical computers without ...
Complexity theorists are thus generally concerned with finding the smallest complexity class that a problem falls into and are therefore concerned with identifying which class a computational problem falls into using the most efficient algorithm. There may be an algorithm, for instance, that solves a particular problem in exponential time, but ...