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Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with a broad variety of tumors including lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and others. PCD is a rare condition that occurs in less than 1% of cancer patients.
A paraneoplastic syndrome is a syndrome (a set of signs and symptoms) that is the consequence of a tumor in the body (usually a cancerous one). [1] It is specifically due to the production of chemical signaling molecules (such as hormones or cytokines) by tumor cells or by an immune response against the tumor. [2]
Acute cerebellar ataxia is a rare initial presenting feature of NM, particularly in gastric cancer. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a well-known cause of cerebellar ataxia associated with neoplastic disorders, and commonly, with positivity for various anti-neuronal antibodies. [13]
Cerebellar degeneration is a condition in which cerebellar cells, otherwise known as neurons, become damaged and progressively weaken in the cerebellum. [1] There are two types of cerebellar degeneration; paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration , and alcoholic or nutritional cerebellar degeneration. [ 2 ]
Medulloblastoma is a cancerous brain tumor that starts in the lower back part of the brain called the cerebellum, according to the Mayo Clinic. This part of the brain is involved in muscle ...
In addition, patients diagnosed with small cell lung carcinoma has an increased vulnerability to nervous system problems (i.e. Lambert-Eaton syndrome, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration), Cushing syndrome and Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-diuretic Hormone (SIADH) and can demonstrate relevant symptoms . [6]
Treating the underlying cancer in paraneoplastic disease usually does not alleviate the symptoms. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline , Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as duloxetine or venlafaxine and gabapentinoids such as gabapentin or pregabalin may be used for the symptomatic treatment of pain ...
LEMS is often associated with lung cancer (50–70%), specifically small-cell carcinoma, [4] making LEMS a paraneoplastic syndrome. [5] Of the people with small-cell lung cancer, 1–3% have LEMS. [3] In most of these cases, LEMS is the first symptom of the lung cancer, and it is otherwise asymptomatic. [3]
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