Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The strict regulation of translation in both space and time is in part governed by cis-regulatory elements located in 5′ mRNA transcript leaders (TLs) and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs). Due to their role in translation initiation, mRNA 5′ transcript leaders (TLs) strongly influence protein expression.
Translation is one of the key energy consumers in cells, hence it is strictly regulated. Numerous mechanisms have evolved that control and regulate translation in eukaryotes as well as prokaryotes. Regulation of translation can impact the global rate of protein synthesis which is closely coupled to the metabolic and proliferative state of a cell.
In biology, translation is the process in living cells in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates. The generated protein is a sequence of amino acids. This sequence is determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the RNA. The nucleotides are considered three at a time.
The Kozak consensus sequence (Kozak consensus or Kozak sequence) is a nucleic acid motif that functions as the protein translation initiation site in most eukaryotic mRNA transcripts. [1] Regarded as the optimum sequence for initiating translation in eukaryotes , the sequence is an integral aspect of protein regulation and overall cellular ...
In translation, termination efficiency is dependent on the context of the termination signal (stop codon). [2] Traditionally, the termination signal for translation is a 3 nucleobase sequence called a stop codon. [2] Research has shown that the nucleobases surrounding the stop codon can impact termination efficiency. [2]
The 5' UTR is upstream from the coding sequence. Within the 5' UTR is a sequence that is recognized by the ribosome which allows the ribosome to bind and initiate translation. The mechanism of translation initiation differs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The 3' UTR is found immediately following the translation stop codon.
A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control.
The A-site codon in the new frame pairs to anticodon of more common glycine tRNA, and translation continues. [13] The slippery sequence for a +1 frameshift signal does not have the same motif, and instead appears to function by pausing the ribosome at a sequence encoding a rare amino acid. [13]