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Thin-layer chromatography is used to separate components of a plant extract, illustrating the experiment with plant pigments which gave chromatography its name. In chemical analysis, chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture into its components.
The separation factor is one distribution ratio divided by another; it is a measure of the ability of the system to separate two solutes. For instance, if the distribution ratio for nickel (D Ni) is 10 and the distribution ratio for silver (D Ag) is 100, then the silver/nickel separation factor (SF Ag/Ni) is equal to D Ag /D Ni = SF Ag/Ni = 10.
Separation factor (alpha) is a relative comparison on how well two neighboring components of the mixture were separated (i.e., two neighboring bands on a chromatogram). This factor is defined in terms of a ratio of the retention factors of a pair of neighboring chromatogram peaks, and may also be corrected for by the void volume of the column.
It shows that the MCSGP process can increase the productivity by a factor of 10 and reduce the solvent requirement by 90%. [ 2 ] The main advantages with respect to solvent gradient batch chromatography are high yields also for difficult separations, less solvent consumption, higher productivity, usage of countercurrent solid movement, which ...
Gas chromatography is the process of separating compounds in a mixture by injecting a gaseous or liquid sample into a mobile phase, typically called the carrier gas, and passing the gas through a stationary phase. The mobile phase is usually an inert gas or an unreactive gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen or hydrogen. [1]
The process for TLC is similar to paper chromatography but provides faster runs, better separations, and the choice between different stationary phases. [5] Plates can be labelled before or after the chromatography process with a pencil or other implement that will not interfere with the process.
In liquid chromatography, the mobile phase velocity is taken as the exit velocity, that is, the ratio of the flow rate in ml/second to the cross-sectional area of the ‘column-exit flow path.’ For a packed column, the cross-sectional area of the column exit flow path is usually taken as 0.6 times the cross-sectional area of the column.
A separation process is a method that converts a mixture or a solution of chemical substances into two or more distinct product mixtures, [1] a scientific process of separating two or more substances in order to obtain purity. At least one product mixture from the separation is enriched in one or more of the source mixture's constituents.
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