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Charles Messier. The first edition of 1774 covered 45 objects (M1 to M45). The total list published by Messier in 1781 contained 103 objects, but the list was expanded through successive additions by other astronomers, motivated by notes in Messier's and Méchain's texts indicating that at least one of them knew of the additional objects.
Charles Messier (French: [ʃaʁl me.sje]; 26 June 1730 – 12 April 1817) was a French astronomer. He published an astronomical catalogue consisting of 110 nebulae and star clusters , which came to be known as the Messier objects , referred to with the letter M and their number between 1 and 110.
1712 — Isaac Newton and Edmond Halley publish a catalog based on data from a Royal Astronomer who left all his data under seal, the official version would not be released for another decade. [7] 1725 — Posthumous publication of John Flamsteed's Historia Coelestis Britannica; 1771 — Charles Messier publishes his first list of nebulae
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JP11 – a 1978 catalog compiling photometric measurements in Harold Johnson's 11-color photometric system ; Jsp — Morris Ketchum Jessup (double stars) Juchert — (open star clusters) Juchert-Saloranta (telescopic asterisms) JW — Jones' & Walker's list of stars near the Orion Nebula.
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Charles Messier first discovered two of the galaxies, M84 and M86, in 1781. The other galaxies seen in the chain were discovered by William Herschel [ 1 ] and are now known primarily by their catalog numbers in John Louis Emil Dreyer 's New General Catalogue , published in 1888. [ 2 ]
Messier 102 (also known as M102) is a galaxy listed in the Messier Catalogue that cannot be unambiguously identified. Its original discoverer Pierre Méchain retracted his discovery two years after publication and said that it was a duplicate observation of Messier 101 . [ 1 ]