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The first documented relations between Ancient India and Ancient Rome occurred during the reign of Augustus (27 BCE – 14 CE), the first Roman Emperor. The presence of Europeans, including Romans , in the region known at the time as "India" (modern South Asia , including India , Bangladesh , Pakistan and eastern- Afghanistan ), during the ...
The Seleucid dynasty controlled a developed network of trade with the Indian Subcontinent which had previously existed under the influence of the Achaemenid Empire.The Greek-Ptolemaic dynasty, controlling the western and northern end of other trade routes to Southern Arabia and the Indian Subcontinent, [5] had begun to exploit trading opportunities in the region prior to the Roman involvement ...
[23] [24] [25] The consuls' military power rested in the Roman legal concept of imperium, meaning "command" (typically in a military sense). [26] Occasionally, successful consuls or generals were given the honorary title imperator (commander); this is the origin of the word emperor, since this title was always bestowed to the early emperors ...
Following the 5th century Fall of Rome, Europe entered the Middle Ages, during which period the Catholic Church filled the power vacuum left in the West by the fall of the Western Roman Empire, while the Eastern Roman Empire (or Byzantine Empire) endured in the East for centuries, becoming a Hellenic Eastern contrast to the Latin West.
India's Southwest coastal port Muziris had established itself as a major spice trade centre from as early as 3,000 BCE, according to Sumerian records. Jewish traders arrived in Kochi, Kerala, India as early as 562 BCE. [130] The Greco-Roman world followed by trading along the incense route and the Roman-India routes. [131]
Education in the Middle Ages relied heavily on Greco-Roman books such as Euclid's Elements and the influential quadrivium textbooks written in Latin by the Roman statesman Boethius (AD 480–524). Major works of Greek and Latin literature, moreover, were both read and written by Christians during the imperial era.
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Tiberius secured the overall power of Rome and enriched its treasury. However, his rule soon became characterised by paranoia. He began a series of treason trials and executions, which continued until his death in 37. [22] He left power in the hands of the commander of the guard, Lucius Aelius Sejanus.