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The 2011 eruption of Grímsvötn was a Plinian eruption of Grímsvötn, Iceland's most active volcano, which caused disruption to air travel in Northwestern Europe from 22–25 May 2011. The last eruption of Grímsvötn was in 2004, [ 2 ] with the previous most powerful eruptions in 1783, 1873 and 1902.
Studies indicate that volcanic activity in Iceland rises and falls so that the frequency and size of eruptions in and around the Vatnajökull ice cap varies with time. It is believed that the four eruptions between 1996 and 2011 could mark the beginning of an active period, during which an eruption in Grímsvötn in Vatnajökull may be expected ...
Name Location Elevation (m) Coordinates Last eruption Notes Askja: Iceland: 1,516 m (4,974 ft) 1961 [1]Eldfell: Iceland: 200 m (660 ft) 1973 [2]Krafla: Iceland: 800 m (2,600 ft)
The eruption in May 2011 at Grímsvötn under the Vatnajökull glacier sent thousands of tonnes of ash into the sky in a few days, raising concerns of the potential for travel chaos across northern Europe although only about 900 flights were initially disrupted. [35]
An eruption started again in Mt. Fagradalsfjall, in the valley of Meradalir in August 2022 however the fissures opened only 1 km north of the previous eruption site and it lasted three weeks.
Thousands of residents evacuated town of Grindavik over weekend after series of earthquakes
The eruption was the largest flood basalt in historic time (800 square kilometres (310 sq mi), [149] 18 cubic kilometres (4.3 cu mi) of magma. [ 150 ] ) [ 151 ] [ 152 ] Evidence from tree rings in the Northern Hemisphere indicates that 940 was one of the coolest summers in 1500 years.
Grímsvötn [53] Iceland 2011 20 0.7 [54] 2011 eruption of Grímsvötn: 4 Mount Merapi [55] Indonesia 2010 18.3 353 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi: 4 Eyjafjallajökull [56] Iceland 2010 9 0.25 [57] A series of eruptions between March and June caused the worst flight disruption over Europe since the Second World War. [58]