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  2. Training, validation, and test data sets - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training,_validation,_and...

    A training data set is a data set of examples used during the learning process and is used to fit the parameters (e.g., weights) of, for example, a classifier. [9] [10]For classification tasks, a supervised learning algorithm looks at the training data set to determine, or learn, the optimal combinations of variables that will generate a good predictive model. [11]

  3. Verification and validation of computer simulation models

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verification_and...

    Naylor and Finger [1967] formulated a three-step approach to model validation that has been widely followed: [1] Step 1. Build a model that has high face validity. Step 2. Validate model assumptions. Step 3. Compare the model input-output transformations to corresponding input-output transformations for the real system. [5]

  4. PyTorch Lightning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyTorch_Lightning

    PyTorch Lightning is an open-source Python library that provides a high-level interface for PyTorch, a popular deep learning framework. [1] It is a lightweight and high-performance framework that organizes PyTorch code to decouple research from engineering, thus making deep learning experiments easier to read and reproduce.

  5. PyTorch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyTorch

    In September 2022, Meta announced that PyTorch would be governed by the independent PyTorch Foundation, a newly created subsidiary of the Linux Foundation. [ 23 ] PyTorch 2.0 was released on 15 March 2023, introducing TorchDynamo , a Python-level compiler that makes code run up to 2x faster, along with significant improvements in training and ...

  6. Cross-validation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-validation_(statistics)

    Cross-validation, [2] [3] [4] sometimes called rotation estimation [5] [6] [7] or out-of-sample testing, is any of various similar model validation techniques for assessing how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent data set.

  7. Franklin's electrostatic machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin's_electrostatic...

    Franklin's friend Kinnersley traveled throughout the eastern United States in the 1750s demonstrating man-made "lightning" on model thunder houses to show a how an iron rod placed into the ground would protect a wooden structure. He explained that lightning followed the same principles as the sparks from Franklin's electrostatic machine.

  8. Regression validation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_validation

    One measure of goodness of fit is the coefficient of determination, often denoted, R 2. In ordinary least squares with an intercept, it ranges between 0 and 1. However, an R 2 close to 1 does not guarantee that the model fits the data well. For example, if the functional form of the model does not match the data, R 2 can be high despite a poor ...

  9. Rod Johnson (programmer) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Johnson_(programmer)

    Roderick "Rod" Johnson is an Australian computer specialist who created the Spring Framework and co-founded SpringSource, [1] where he was CEO until its 2009 acquisition by VMware. [2] In 2011, Johnson became chairman of Neo4j Inc. In 2012 it was announced that he joined the Typesafe Inc. board of directors. [3] In 2016, he founded Atomist.