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Proxymetacaine is available as its hydrochloride salt in ophthalmic solutions at a concentration of 0.5%. Although it is no longer on patent, it is still marketed under the trade names Alcaine, Ak-Taine, and others. Proparacaine 0.5% is marketed as Poencaina by Poen Laboratories. [5]
When applied to the surface of the eye, side effects may include a brief period of blurry vision and discoloration of contact lenses of the soft type. [7] [3] When used by mouth or injection, side effects may include headache, nausea, and a change to the color of the skin for a brief period of time. [3] Allergic reactions may rarely occur. [3]
Adverse effects [ edit ] When used excessively, oxybuprocaine like any other topical anesthetic used in the eye and on mucous membranes (like for example tetracaine , proxymetacaine and proparacaine ) can cause irritation, hypersensitivity , anaphylaxis , irreversible corneal damage and even complete destruction of the cornea.
It is applied as eye drops. [3] Effects occur within 40 minutes and last for up to a day. [3] Common side effects include blurry vision, increased intraocular pressure, and sensitivity to light. [3] Another rare but severe side effect is psychosis, particularly in children. [3] It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the fetus. [5]
Side effects Prostaglandin analogs: Latanoprost: Xalatan: Increased USO (uveoscleral outflow ) Once daily: 25-32%: pigmentation of eyelashes, eyelid skin pigmentation, hyperemia (red eye), flu-like symptoms (joint/muscle pain and headache) Bimatoprost: Lumigan: Increased USO (uveoscleral outflow ) Once daily
One side effect of cycloplegic drops is that they often have BAK as a preservative ingredient, which, with daily use, can erode the tear shield: At each administration of an eye drop containing benzalkonium chloride, its detergent effect disrupts the lipid layer of the tear film.
A topical anesthetic is a local anesthetic that is used to numb the surface of a body part. They can be used to numb any area of the skin as well as the front of the eyeball, the inside of the nose, ear or throat, the anus and the genital area. [1]
Side effects include headache; runny nose; pain or pressure in the face; nausea; vomiting; and dry, itchy, sticky eyes. [9] Serious side effects include red or bloody eyes; foreign body sensation in the eye; sensitivity to light; decreased visual acuity; seeing specks or spots; teary eyes; or eye discharge or crusting.