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CCID (chip card interface device) protocol is a USB protocol that allows a smartcard to be connected to a computer via a card reader using a standard USB interface, without the need for each manufacturer of smartcards to provide its own reader or protocol. [1]
CAC is based on X.509 certificates with software middleware enabling an operating system to interface with the card via a hardware card reader. Although card manufacturers such as Schlumberger provided a suite of smartcard, hardware card reader and middleware for both Linux and Windows , not all other CAC systems integrators did likewise.
It replaces the username and passwords for identifying and authenticating users. To log-on cryptographically to a CLO-enabled workstation, users simply insert their CAC into their workstation’s CAC reader and provide their Personal Identification Number (PIN). The Navy/Marine Corps Intranet, among many other secure networks, uses CLO.
The smart card will store an encrypted digital certificate issued from the PKI along with any other relevant or needed information about the card holder. Examples include the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Common Access Card (CAC), and the use of various smart cards by many governments as identification cards for their citizens. When combined ...
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The Wiegand interface is a de facto wiring standard which arose from the popularity of Wiegand effect card readers in the 1980s. It is commonly used to connect a card swipe mechanism to the rest of an access control system. The sensor in such a system is often a "Wiegand wire", based on the Wiegand effect, discovered by John R. Wiegand. A ...
These pads provide electrical connectivity when inserted into a reader, [102] which is used as a communications medium between the smart card and a host (e.g., a computer, a point of sale terminal) or a mobile telephone. Cards do not contain batteries; power is supplied by the card reader. The ISO/IEC 7810 and ISO/IEC 7816 series of standards ...
Access to the database is very limited, such as the time the CAC is created. When the CAC is read on a stand-alone system, with the correct key, the DOB and such can be extracted from the card, and without the database. Think about it: in times of war, you can't always have access to the database. The CAC can be used like dog tags out in the field.