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Bhaktapur (Nepali and Sanskrit: भक्तपुर, pronounced [ˈbʱʌkt̪ʌpur] ⓘ; lit. "City of Devotees"), known locally as Khwopa [3] (Nepal Bhasa: 𑐏𑑂𑐰𑐥𑑅 , Khvapa) and historically called Bhadgaon, is a city in the east corner of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from the capital city, Kathmandu.
The Kingdom of Bhaktapur (Nepali: भक्तपुर राज्य, Bhaktapura Rājya), also known as Bhadgaon, was a kingdom ruled by the Malla dynasty of Nepal from 15th century until its annexation in the 18th century.
The Durbar Square of Bhaktapur once fortified and occupied a very large area. [3] After, Bhaktapur was defeated by the Gorkhali forces, the palace square fell into disrepair and the earthquakes of 1833 and 1934 reduced the square to its present size. [4] The former palace ground have been used as government offices, schools and private houses. [4]
The average literacy rate of Bhaktapur is 81.68% (male 90.48%, female 72.65%), which is growing with educational awareness. [5] The governmental schools in Bhaktapur are making remarkable improvements in their educational quality. [6] The government schools have been starting to facilitate students by teaching in both English and Nepali medium.
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The Rañjanā script (Lantsa [2]) is an abugida writing system which developed in the 11th century [3] and until the mid-20th century was used in an area from Nepal to Tibet by the Newar people, the historic inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley, to write Sanskrit and Newar (Nepal Bhasa).
Attempts were made to study and revive the old scripts, [22] and alphabet books were published. Hemraj Shakyavamsha published an alphabet book of 15 types of Nepalese alphabets including Ranjana, Bhujimol and Pachumol. [23] In 1952, a pressman Pushpa Ratna Sagar of Kathmandu had moveable type of Nepal script made in India.
Balkumari Temple (Nepali: बालकुमारी मन्दिर) of Bhaktapur District is one of four Kumari temples in Kathmandu Valley. The temple was built in the 17th century. [ 1 ] In 2015, the original idol of Digu Bhairav from the 17th century was stolen from the temple.