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It is a non-productive light verb (LV) and is used with very limited verbs, most commonly with denā "to give". 1. denā "to give" → de mārnā "to hit once but with all force" phāṛnā "to tear" It is a non-productive LV. Used only with the verb cīrnā "to tear apart" 1. cīrnā "to tear apart" → cīr phāṛnā "to tear apart brutally"
The light verb (also called "subsidiary", "explicator verb", and "vector" [55]) loses its own independent meaning and instead "lends a certain shade of meaning" [56] to the main or stem verb, which "comprises the lexical core of the compound". [55] While almost any verb can act as a main verb, there is a limited set of productive light verbs. [57]
from Hindi and Urdu: An acknowledged leader in a field, from the Mughal rulers of India like Akbar and Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal. Maharaja from Hindi and Sanskrit: A great king. Mantra from Hindi and Sanskrit: a word or phrase used in meditation. Masala from Urdu, to refer to flavoured spices of Indian origin.
Samadhi is also the Hindi word for a structure commemorating the dead. Samkhya A school of philosophy emphasising a dualism between Purusha and Prakrti. Samsara Refers to the concept of reincarnation or rebirth in Indian philosophical traditions. Samudra Manthana The legend of the churning of the ocean. Sanatana Dharma
Early forms of present-day Hindustani developed from the Middle Indo-Aryan apabhraṃśa vernaculars of present-day North India in the 7th–13th centuries. [33] [38] Hindustani emerged as a contact language around the Ganges-Yamuna Doab (Delhi, Meerut and Saharanpur), a result of the increasing linguistic diversity that occurred during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Hindi-Urdu, also known as Hindustani, has three noun cases (nominative, oblique, and vocative) [1] [2] and five pronoun cases (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, and oblique). The oblique case in pronouns has three subdivisions: Regular, Ergative , and Genitive .
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Modern Standard Hindi (आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, Ādhunik Mānak Hindī), [9] commonly referred to as Hindi, is the standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is the official language of India alongside English and the lingua franca of North India.