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System context diagrams are used early in a project to get agreement on the scope under investigation. [4] Context diagrams are typically included in a requirements document. These diagrams must be read by all project stakeholders and thus should be written in plain language, so the stakeholders can understand items within the document.
The departure control system (DCS) is the system used by airlines and airports to check-in a passenger. The DCS is connected to the reservation system enabling it to check who has a valid reservation on a flight. The DCS is used to enter information required by customs or border security agencies and to issue the boarding document.
Since airline reservation systems are business critical applications, and they are functionally quite complex, the operation of an in-house airline reservation system is relatively expensive. Prior to deregulation [ clarification needed ] , airlines owned their own reservation systems with travel agents subscribing to them.
Example of a system context diagram. [14] Context diagrams are diagrams that represent the actors outside a system that could interact with that system. [15] This diagram is the highest level view of a system, similar to block diagram, showing a, possibly software-based, system as a whole and its inputs and outputs from/to external factors.
System context diagram for a fictitious hotel. (By convention, bidirectional flows, with arrows at both ends, are often used when a dialogue is initiated externally. For example, "booking dialogue" contains the flow "booking request", which is the initial trigger; "booking confirmation", the result, is sent back.)
Programmed Airline Reservations System (PARS) is an IBM proprietary large scale airline reservation application, a computer reservations system, executing under the control of IBM Airline Control Program (ACP) (and later its successor, Transaction Processing Facility (TPF)). Its international version was known as IPARS. [1]
The context diagram serves the purpose of "establish[ing] the information boundary between the system being implemented and the environment in which the system is to operate." [1] Further refinement of the context diagram requires analysis of the system designated by the shaded rectangle through the development of a system functional flow block ...
CONFIRM was an ambitious IT project supposed to create a single computer reservations system/global distribution system used by airline, rental car, and hotel companies. It is often used as a case study as an example of a major failure in project management .