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The economists Harry White (left) and John Maynard Keynes at the Bretton Woods Conference [27]. The WTO precursor General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was established by a multilateral treaty of 23 countries in 1947 after World War II in the wake of other new multilateral institutions dedicated to international economic cooperation—such as the World Bank (founded 1944) and the ...
The original members of the World Trade Organization are the parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) after ratifying the Uruguay Round Agreements, [1] and the European Communities. They obtained this status at the entry into force on 1 January 1995 or upon their date of ratification.
1986-1994 - GATT negotiations culminate in the Marrakech Agreement that establishes the World Trade Organization (WTO). January 1, 1995 - The WTO comes into existence. May 1, 1995 - Renato Ruggiero becomes director-general for a 4-year term. December 9, 1996 – December 13, 1996 - The inaugural ministerial conference takes place in Singapore.
The GATT was the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1946 until the WTO was established on 1 January 1995. [9] Despite attempts in the mid-1950s and 1960s to create some form of institutional mechanism for international trade, the GATT continued to operate for almost half a century as a semi-institutionalized multilateral treaty regime on a provisional basis. [10]
The International Trade Organization (ITO) was the proposed name for an international institution for the regulation of trade.. Led by the United States in collaboration with allies, the effort to form the organization from 1945 to 1948, with the successful passing of the Havana Charter, eventually failed due to lack of approval by the US Congress.
This is a chronological list of World Trade Organization dispute settlement cases. As of August 2024, there have been 626 such cases. [1] List. This list is ...
The WTO at Ten: The Contribution of the Dispute Settlement System. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86314-8. Palmeter, David, Petros C. Mavroidis, and Niall Meagher. Dispute Settlement in the World Trade Organization (Cambridge University Press, 2022.) online "Settling Disputes:A Unique Contribution". Understanding the WTO.
The World Trade Report (WTR) is the annual report published since 2003 by the World Trade Organization. Each WTR provides an in-depth analysis of an aspect of trends in international trade, trade policy issues and the multilateral trading system.