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The cause of tetralogy of Fallot is typically not known. [5] Risk factors include a mother who uses alcohol , has diabetes , is over the age of 40, or gets rubella during pregnancy . [ 5 ] : 62 It may also be associated with Down syndrome and other chromosomal defects that cause congenital heart defects.
The most common cause of right-to-left shunt is the Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by four co-existing heart defects. Pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve and outflow tract, obstructing blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery)
Tetralogy of Fallot is actually the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart defects, accounting for about 50-70%, as well as about 10% of all congenital heart defects in general. Now, it’s not quite clear why some babies develop TOF but it is associated with chromosome 22 deletions and DiGeorge syndrome.
Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), and tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) are the most common congenital heart defects seen in the VACTERL association. [19] Less common defects in the association are persistent truncus arteriosus and transposition of the great arteries .
The Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt (BTT shunt), [1] previously known as the Blalock–Taussig Shunt (BT shunt), [2] is a surgical procedure used to increase blood flow to the lungs in some forms of congenital heart disease [3] such as pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot, which are common causes of blue baby syndrome. [3]
Helen Brooke Taussig (May 24, 1898 – May 20, 1986) was an American cardiologist, working in Baltimore and Boston, who founded the field of pediatric cardiology.She is credited with developing the concept for a procedure that would extend the lives of children born with Tetralogy of Fallot (the most common cause of blue baby syndrome).
She had a condition called Tetralogy of Fallot, one of the primary congenital defects that lead to blue baby syndrome. In this condition, defects in the great vessels and wall of the heart lead to a chronic lack of oxygen in the blood. In Eileen's case, this made her lips and fingers turn blue, with the rest of her skin having a very faint blue ...
Tetralogy of Fallot: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta: Tetralogy of Fallot Ménière's disease: vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating low frequency hearing loss, aural fullness: Ménière's disease zoonotic tetrad: scrub typhus, chiggers, rodents and birds, scrub vegetation