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A BLAST search enables a researcher to compare a subject protein or nucleotide sequence (called a query) with a library or database of sequences, and identify database sequences that resemble the query sequence above a certain threshold.
The International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC) consists of a joint effort to collect and disseminate databases containing DNA and RNA sequences. [1] It involves the following computerized databases: NIG's DNA Data Bank of Japan (), NCBI's GenBank and the EMBL-EBI's European Nucleotide Archive ().
database of protein similarities computed using FASTA: Protein model databases Swiss-model: server and repository for protein structure models Protein model databases AAindex: database of amino acid indices, amino acid mutation matrices, and pair-wise contact potentials Protein model databases BioGRID: Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute
BLAST is an algorithm used for calculating sequence similarity between biological sequences, such as nucleotide sequences of DNA and amino acid sequences of proteins. [7] BLAST is a powerful tool for finding sequences similar to the query sequence within the same organism or in different organisms.
The Reference Sequence (RefSeq) database [1] is an open access, annotated and curated collection of publicly available nucleotide sequences (DNA, RNA) and their protein products. RefSeq was introduced in 2000.
The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (EMBL-Bank) has increased in size from around 600 entries in 1982 to over 2.5×10 8 by December 2012. [16] The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (also known as EMBL-Bank) is the section of the ENA which contains high-level genome assembly details, as well as assembled sequences and their functional annotation.
The database search by BLAST requires input data to be in a correct format (e.g. FASTA, GenBank, PIR or EMBL format). Users may also designate the specific databases to be searched, select scoring matrices to be used and other parameters prior to the tool run.
The GenBank sequence database is an open access, annotated collection of all publicly available nucleotide sequences and their protein translations. It is produced and maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI; a part of the National Institutes of Health in the United States) as part of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC).