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For the treatment of human cases, removal of the worm is suggested. Topical treatment with cocaine or thiabendazole have also been reported to kill the worms in human cases. [8] Because most, if not all, species of Thelazia are spread by flies, sanitary practices which reduce the presence of flies will also reduce the spread of thelaziasis.
Thelazia is a genus of nematode worms which parasitize the eyes and associated tissues of various bird and mammal hosts, including humans. [2] [3] They are often called "eyeworms", and infestation with Thelazia species is referred to as "thelaziasis" (occasionally spelled "thelaziosis").
In some cases, the only symptom is the worm obscuring the host's vision as a "floater". [13] Diagnosis is made by finding the adult worms in the eye or surrounding tissues. Human cases are treated by simply removing the worms. In canines, topical imidacloprid with moxidectin, [14] or milbemycin oxime (Interceptor) [15] have been recommended.
Abby Beckley, then 26, plucked out whatever was bothering her eye for the past week and realized it was a tiny worm squirming on her finger tip. Oregon woman plucks 14 parasitic worms from eye ...
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Whole blood with microfilaria worm, giemsa stain. L. loa worms have a simple structure consisting of a head (which lacks lips), a body, and a blunt tail. The outer body of the worm is composed of a cuticle with three main layers made up of collagen and other compounds which aid in protecting the nematodes while they are inside the digestive system of their host.
A review of treatments showed that the anti-mite drug ivermectin can be an effective treatment for reducing symptoms. [24] Eye drops or ointments containing corticosteroids are frequently used in conjunction with antibiotics and can reduce eyelid inflammation. [4] [5] [25] The supplement n-acetylcysteine may be effective for blepharitis. [26]
Adult worms migrating across the eye are another potential diagnostic, but the short timeframe for the worm's passage through the conjunctiva makes this observation less common. [ citation needed ] In the past, healthcare providers used a provocative injection of Dirofilaria immitis as a skin-test antigen for filariasis diagnosis.