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Twelve-step programs are international mutual aid programs supporting recovery from substance addictions, behavioral addictions and compulsions. Developed in the 1930s, the first twelve-step program, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), founded by Bill Wilson and Bob Smith , aided its membership to overcome alcoholism . [ 1 ]
This is a list of Wikipedia articles about specific twelve-step recovery programs and fellowships. These programs, and the groups of people who follow them, are based on the set of guiding principles for recovery from addictive , compulsive , or other behavioral problems originally developed by Alcoholics Anonymous . [ 1 ]
In the past, others have criticized 12-step programs as pseudoscientific [97] [130] Her figures and assertions, however were criticized by other experts. [ 123 ] [ 124 ] [ 125 ] [ 131 ] Philosophical and sociological dimensions
Faith-based and 12-step programs, despite the fact that they had little experience with drug addicts in the late 1960s and early 1970s.” The number of drug treatment facilities boomed with federal funding and the steady expansion of private insurance coverage for addiction, going from a mere handful in the 1950s to thousands a few decades later.
TSF sessions are designed to introduce the patient to 12-step concepts and facilitate the entry of the patient into community-based 12-step programs. It must be emphasized that TSF is not NA, it is an implementation of 12-step program elements by a professional counsellor. NA recommends 12 step work with another member who has worked the steps.
Celebrate Recovery is one of the seven largest addiction recovery support group programs. [5] Promotional materials assert that over 5 million people have participated in a Celebrate Recovery step study in over 35,000 churches. [6] [7] Leaders seek to normalize substance abuse as similar to other personal problems common to all people. [8]
Overeaters Anonymous (OA) is a twelve-step program founded by Rozanne S. [1] Its first meeting was held in Hollywood, California, USA on January 19, 1960, after Rozanne attended a Gamblers Anonymous meeting and realized that the Twelve Steps could potentially help her with her own addictive behaviors relating to food. [1]
SMART Recovery is based on scientific knowledge and is intended to evolve as scientific knowledge evolves. [4] The program uses principles of motivational interviewing, found in motivational enhancement therapy (MET), [5] and techniques taken from rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), as well as scientifically validated research on treatment. [6]