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Baghdad remained under Ottoman control until World War I, when on 11 March 1917 it was captured by British forces. After the war, Baghdad was placed under the control of a British Mandate. During the period of British control, the Mandatory administration ordered the construction of several new architectural projects around the city. [40]
The city of Baghdad was founded in 762 and became the center of the caliphate. Baghdad was sacked during the Fourth Fitna around 811. By 865, the Abbasid civil war (865–866) resulted in rival capitals in Samarra and Baghdad. In 927–928, the Qarmatians of Bahrayn invaded and raided much of Iraq.
The Siege of Baghdad took place in early 1258. A large army commanded by Hulegu , a prince of the Mongol Empire , attacked the historic capital of the Abbasid Caliphate after a series of provocations from its ruler, caliph al-Musta'sim .
In the first Gulf War, while retreating from Kuwait, the Iraqi army had set many oil wells on fire and had dumped oil into the Gulf waters; this was to disguise troop movements and to distract coalition forces. Before the 2003 invasion, Iraqi forces had mined some 400 oil wells around Basra and the Al-Faw peninsula with explosives.
The Battle of Baghdad, also known as the Fall of Baghdad, was a military engagement that took place in Baghdad in early April 2003, as part of the invasion of Iraq. Three weeks into the invasion of Iraq, Coalition Forces Land Component Command elements, led by the U.S. Army 3rd Infantry Division, captured Baghdad. Over 2,000 Iraqi soldiers as ...
1848 – Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baghdad established. 1849 – Remnants discovered of quay of Nebuchadrezzar, from Babylonian city of Baghdadu. [1] 1861 – Istanbul-Baghdad telegraph line installed. [23] 1865 Basrah-Baghdad telegraph line installed. [23] Alliance Israélite boys' school established. [1] 1869 – Midhat Pasha in power. [9 ...
The name Baghdad is pre-Islamic, and its origin is disputed. [2] The site where the city of Baghdad developed has been populated for millennia. Archaeological evidence shows that the site of Baghdad was occupied by various peoples long before the Arab conquest of Mesopotamia in 637 CE, and several ancient empires had capitals located in the surrounding area.
The 1534 capture of Baghdad by Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire from the Safavid dynasty under Tahmasp I was part of the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1532 to 1555, itself part of a series of Ottoman–Persian Wars. The city was taken without resistance, the Safavid government having fled and leaving the city undefended. [2]