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Nonsingular black hole models have been proposed since theoretical problems with black holes were first realized. [3] Today some of the most viable candidates for the result of the collapse of a star with mass well above the Chandrasekhar limit include the gravastar and the dark energy star.
The precise understanding of this phase of black-hole evaporation requires a complete theory of quantum gravity. Within what might be termed the loop-quantum-gravity approach to black holes, it is believed that understanding this phase of evaporation is crucial to resolving the information paradox.
This growth process is one possible way through which some supermassive black holes may have been formed, although the formation of supermassive black holes is still an open field of research. [130] A similar process has been suggested for the formation of intermediate-mass black holes found in globular clusters. [139]
But the new research findings refute the assumption that black holes consume matter indiscriminately, positing that the objects instead have an intricate process of consuming and renewing fuel to ...
Black holes are often viewed as inescapable vortexes, but, in a recent talk at Harvard University, Stephen Hawking suggested they might be more like portals than prisons, reports the Boston Globe.
These black holes would then have more time than any of the above models to accrete, allowing them sufficient time to reach supermassive sizes. Formation of black holes from the deaths of the first stars has been extensively studied and corroborated by observations. The other models for black hole formation listed above are theoretical.
Depending on the model, primordial black holes could have initial masses ranging from 10 −8 kg [17] (the so-called Planck relics) to more than thousands of solar masses. . However, primordial black holes originally having masses lower than 10 11 kg would not have survived to the present due to Hawking radiation, which causes complete evaporation in a time much shorter than the age of the ...
His research interests are string theory, quantum field theory, quantum statistical mechanics and quantum cosmology. [1] He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences , [ 4 ] and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , [ 5 ] an associate member of the faculty of Canada 's Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , [ 6 ] and a ...