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Social identity is the portion of an individual's self-concept derived from perceived membership in a relevant social group. [1] [2]As originally formulated by social psychologists Henri Tajfel and John Turner in the 1970s and the 1980s, [3] social identity theory introduced the concept of a social identity as a way in which to explain intergroup behaviour.
Such groups provide opportunities to resolve identity problems. Identification with such a group reduces the person's ego identity discomfort, or it helps to solve identity problems. Scholars today are focusing on the basic elements of social organization (race, ethnicity, gender, and social class) in their theory and research.
Identity theory may refer to: Any of the theories of identity in philosophy; Cultural identity theory, in the social sciences; Identity Theory, a literary website; Identity theory of mind, a philosophical term; Personal identity, the unique numerical identity of a person over time; Pure identity theory, in logic;
Social identity theory – was developed by Henri Tajfel and examines how categorizing people (including oneself) into ingroups or outgroups affects perceptions, attitudes, and behavior. Social representation theory - was developed by Serge Moscovici and concerns the character of the shared beliefs and practices that typify any collective.
Identity formation, also called identity development or identity construction, is a complex process in which humans develop a clear and unique view of themselves and of their identity. Self-concept, personality development, and values are all closely related to identity formation. Individuation is also a critical part of identity formation.
Social identity theory posits that belonging to social groups (e.g. religious groups or occupational groups) serves an important basis for one's identity. [8] Membership in a group(s), as well as one's value and emotional significance attached to this membership, is an important part of one's self-concept.
The theory of narrative identity postulates that individuals form an identity by integrating their life experiences into an internalized, evolving story of the self that provides the individual with a sense of unity and purpose in life. [1] This life narrative integrates one's reconstructed past, perceived present, and imagined future.
The identity fusion construct builds upon earlier work by emphasizing aspects of the relationship of people to groups that were de-emphasized within the social identity perspective (i.e., social identity theory [12] and self-categorization theory [13]). Like social identity theory, identity fusion theory rests on the distinction between the ...